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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-08-09 15:54+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-21 14:10+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: roptat <roptat@lepiller.eu>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Pootle 2.8\n"
"X-POOTLE-MTIME: 1529590249.419692\n"

#. type: Content of the qemu-download-http entity
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:7
msgid "http://download.qemu-project.org/qemu-&qemu-version;.tar.bz2"
msgstr "http://download.qemu-project.org/qemu-&qemu-version;.tar.bz2"

#. type: Content of the qemu-md5sum entity
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:9
msgid "6e830a88e36908d9563ed01131ce72ec"
msgstr "6e830a88e36908d9563ed01131ce72ec"

#. type: Content of the qemu-size entity
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:10
msgid "34 MB"
msgstr "34 Mo"

#. type: Content of the qemu-buildsize entity
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:11
#| msgid "392 MB (add 276 MB for tests)"
msgid "646 MB (add 276 MB for tests)"
msgstr "646 Mo (plus 276 Mo pour les tests)"

#. type: Content of the qemu-time entity
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:12
msgid "0.7 SBU (using parallelism=4; add 1.7 SBU for tests)"
msgstr "0.7 SBU (avec parallélisme = 4&nbsp;; plus 1.7 SBU pour les tests)"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:19
#| msgid ""
#| "<othername>$LastChangedBy: ken $</othername> <date>$Date: 2018-06-21 "
#| "01:17:27 +0000 (Thu, 21 Jun 2018) $</date>"
msgid ""
"<othername>$LastChangedBy: timtas $</othername> <date>$Date: 2018-08-06 "
"19:10:02 +0000 (Mon, 06 Aug 2018) $</date>"
msgstr ""
"<othername>$LastChangedBy: timtas $</othername> <date>$Date: 2018-08-06 "
"19:10:02 +0000 (Mon, 06 Aug 2018) $</date>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:23
msgid "qemu-&qemu-version;"
msgstr "qemu-&qemu-version;"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:26
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:136
msgid "qemu"
msgstr "qemu"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:30
msgid "Introduction to qemu"
msgstr "Introduction à qemu"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:32
msgid ""
"<application>qemu</application> is a full virtualization solution for Linux "
"on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V)."
msgstr ""
"<application>qemu</application> est une solution de virtualisation complète "
"pour Linux avec un processeur x86 supportant les extensions de "
"virtualisation (Intel VT ou AMD-V)."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:38
msgid "Package Information"
msgstr "Informations sur le paquet"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:41
msgid "Download (HTTP): <ulink url=\"&qemu-download-http;\"/>"
msgstr "Téléchargement (HTTP)&nbsp;: <ulink url=\"&qemu-download-http;\"/>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:44
msgid "Download (FTP): <ulink url=\"&qemu-download-ftp;\"/>"
msgstr "Téléchargement (FTP)&nbsp;: <ulink url=\"&qemu-download-ftp;\"/>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:47
msgid "Download MD5 sum: &qemu-md5sum;"
msgstr "Somme de contrôle MD5 du téléchargement&nbsp;: &qemu-md5sum;"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:50
msgid "Download size: &qemu-size;"
msgstr "Taille du téléchargement&nbsp;: &qemu-size;"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:53
msgid "Estimated disk space required: &qemu-buildsize;"
msgstr "Estimation de l'espace disque requis&nbsp;: &qemu-buildsize;"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:56
msgid "Estimated build time: &qemu-time;"
msgstr "Estimation du temps de construction&nbsp;: &qemu-time;"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:60
msgid "Qemu Dependencies"
msgstr "Dépendances de Qemu"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:62
msgid "Required"
msgstr "Requises"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:64
msgid ""
"<xref linkend=\"glib2\"/>, <xref linkend=\"python2\"/>, and <xref "
"linkend=\"x-window-system\"/>"
msgstr ""
"<xref linkend=\"glib2\"/>, <xref linkend=\"python2\"/> et <xref "
"linkend=\"x-window-system\"/>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:69
msgid "Recommended"
msgstr "Recommandées"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:71
msgid "<xref linkend=\"alsa-lib\"/> and <xref linkend=\"sdl2\"/>"
msgstr "<xref linkend=\"alsa-lib\"/> et <xref linkend=\"sdl2\"/>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:75
msgid "Optional"
msgstr "Facultatives"

#.  libcacard has been a standalone project since qemu-2.5.
#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:77
msgid ""
"Depending on the sound system, various packages in <xref linkend=\"alsa\"/>,"
" <xref linkend=\"pulseaudio\"/>, <xref linkend=\"bluez\"/>, <xref "
"linkend=\"curl\"/>, <xref linkend=\"cyrus-sasl\"/>, <xref "
"linkend=\"gnutls\"/>, <xref linkend=\"gtk2\"/>, <xref linkend=\"gtk3\"/>, "
"<xref linkend=\"libusb\"/>, <xref linkend=\"libgcrypt\"/>, <xref "
"linkend=\"libssh2\"/>, <xref linkend=\"lzo\"/>, <xref linkend=\"nettle\"/>, "
"<xref linkend=\"mesa\"/>, <xref linkend=\"sdl\"/>, <xref linkend=\"vte\"/> "
"or <xref linkend=\"vte2\"/>, and <ulink url=\"https://www.spice-"
"space.org/page/Libcacard\">libcacard</ulink>"
msgstr ""
"En fonction du système de son, divers paquets dans <xref linkend=\"alsa\"/>,"
" <xref linkend=\"pulseaudio\"/>, <xref linkend=\"bluez\"/>, <xref "
"linkend=\"curl\"/>, <xref linkend=\"cyrus-sasl\"/>, <xref "
"linkend=\"gnutls\"/>, <xref linkend=\"gtk2\"/>, <xref linkend=\"gtk3\"/>, "
"<xref linkend=\"libusb\"/>, <xref linkend=\"libgcrypt\"/>, <xref "
"linkend=\"libssh2\"/>, <xref linkend=\"lzo\"/>, <xref linkend=\"nettle\"/>, "
"<xref linkend=\"mesa\"/>, <xref linkend=\"sdl\"/>, <xref linkend=\"vte\"/> "
"or <xref linkend=\"vte2\"/> et <ulink url=\"https://www.spice-"
"space.org/page/Libcacard\">libcacard</ulink>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:99
msgid ""
"This optional dependencies list is not comprehensive. See the output of "
"<command>./configure --help</command> for a more complete list."
msgstr ""
"La liste des dépendances facultatives n'est pas complète. Regardez la sortie"
" de <command>./configure --help</command> pour une liste plus complète."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:104
msgid "User Notes: <ulink url=\"&blfs-wiki;/qemu\"/>"
msgstr "Notes utilisateur&nbsp;: <ulink url=\"&blfs-wiki;/qemu\"/>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:110
msgid "KVM Prerequisites"
msgstr "Prérequis de KVM"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:112
msgid ""
"Before building <application>qemu</application>, check to see if your "
"processor supports Virtualization Technology (VT):"
msgstr ""
"Avant de construite <application>qemu</application>, vérifier si votre "
"processeur supporte la technologie de virtualisation (VT)&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:115
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>egrep '^flags.*(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>egrep '^flags.*(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:117
msgid ""
"If you get any output, you have VT technology (vmx for Intel processors and "
"svm for AMD processors).  You then need to go into your system BIOS and "
"ensure it is enabled.  After enabing, reboot back to your LFS instance."
msgstr ""
"Si vous avez une sortie, vous avez la technologie VT (vmx pour les "
"processeurs Intel et svm pour les processeurs AMD). Vous devez également "
"allez voir dans votre BIOS et vérifier qu'elle est activée. Après "
"l'activation, redémarrez sur votre LFS."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:125
msgid "Kernel Configuration"
msgstr "Configuration du noyau"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:127
msgid ""
"Enable the following options in the kernel configuration and recompile the "
"kernel if necessary:"
msgstr ""
"Activez les options suivantes dans la configuration du noyau et recompilez "
"le noyau si nécessaire&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:130
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<literal>[*] Virtualization:  ---&gt;                            [CONFIG_VIRTUALIZATION]\n"
"  &lt;*/M&gt;   Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) support [CONFIG_KVM]\n"
"  &lt;*/M&gt;     KVM for Intel processors support         [CONFIG_KVM_INTEL]\n"
"  &lt;*/M&gt;     KVM for AMD processors support           [CONFIG_KVM_AMD]</literal>"
msgstr ""
"<literal>[*] Virtualization:  ---&gt;                            [CONFIG_VIRTUALIZATION]\n"
"  &lt;*/M&gt;   Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) support [CONFIG_KVM]\n"
"  &lt;*/M&gt;     KVM for Intel processors support         [CONFIG_KVM_INTEL]\n"
"  &lt;*/M&gt;     KVM for AMD processors support           [CONFIG_KVM_AMD]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:139
msgid ""
"The Intel or AMD settings are not both required, but the one matching your "
"system processor is required."
msgstr ""
"Les options Intel ou AMD ne sont pas toutes les deux nécessaires, mais celle"
" correspondante à votre processeur est obligatoire."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:143
msgid ""
"To use the <quote>bridge</quote> network device, as explained below, check "
"that <xref linkend='bridgeutils'/> is installed and the following options in"
" the kernel configuration are enabled:"
msgstr ""
"Pour pour utiliser les périphériques <quote>pont</quote> (bridge), comme "
"expliqué ci-dessous, vérifiez que <xref linkend='bridgeutils'/> est installé"
" et que les options suivantes dans la configuration du noyau sont "
"activées&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:148
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<literal>[*] Networking support  ---&gt;                         [CONFIG_NET]\n"
"  Networking options  ---&gt;\n"
"    &lt;*/M&gt; 802.1d Ethernet Bridging                   [CONFIG_BRIDGE]\n"
"Device Drivers  ---&gt;\n"
"  [*] Network device support  ---&gt;                   [CONFIG_NETDEVICES]\n"
"    &lt;*/M&gt;    Universal TUN/TAP device driver support [CONFIG_TUN]</literal>"
msgstr ""
"<literal>[*] Networking support  ---&gt;                         [CONFIG_NET]\n"
"  Networking options  ---&gt;\n"
"    &lt;*/M&gt; 802.1d Ethernet Bridging                   [CONFIG_BRIDGE]\n"
"Device Drivers  ---&gt;\n"
"  [*] Network device support  ---&gt;                   [CONFIG_NETDEVICES]\n"
"    &lt;*/M&gt;    Universal TUN/TAP device driver support [CONFIG_TUN]</literal>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:158
msgid "Installation of qemu"
msgstr "Installation de qemu"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:161
msgid ""
"You will need a dedicated group that will contain users (other than root)  "
"allowed to access the KVM device.  Create this group by running the "
"following command as the <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> "
"user:"
msgstr ""
"Vous aurez besoin d'un groupe dédié qui contient les utilisateurs (autre que"
" root) autorisé à accéder au périphérique KVM. Créez ce groupe en lançant la"
" commande suivante en tant qu'utilisateur <systemitem "
"class=\"username\">root</systemitem>&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:167
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>groupadd -g 61 kvm</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>groupadd -g 61 kvm</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:170
msgid "Add any users that might use the KVM device to that group:"
msgstr ""
"Ajoutez tous les utilisateurs qui peuvent utiliser le périphérique KVM dans "
"ce groupe&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:173
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>usermod -a -G kvm "
"<replaceable>&lt;username&gt;</replaceable></userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>usermod -a -G kvm "
"<replaceable>&lt;username&gt;</replaceable></userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:175
msgid ""
"Install <application>qemu</application> by running the following commands:"
msgstr ""
"Installez <application>qemu</application> en lançant les commandes "
"suivantes&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:178
msgid ""
"Qemu is capable of running many targets.  The build process is also capable "
"of building multiple targets at one time in a comma delimited list assigned "
"to <option>--target-list</option>. Run <command>./configure --help</command>"
" to get a complete list of available targets."
msgstr ""
"Qemu est capable de faire tourner de nombreuses architectures. La procédure "
"de construction est aussi capable de construire les différentes cibles en "
"une fois à l'aide d'une liste de cibles séparées par des virgules à l'option"
" <option>--target-list</option>. Lancez <command>./configure "
"--help</command> pour avoir une liste complète des cibles possibles."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:185
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>if [ $(uname -m) = i686 ]; then\n"
"   QEMU_ARCH=i386-softmmu\n"
"else\n"
"   QEMU_ARCH=x86_64-softmmu\n"
"fi\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"mkdir -vp build &amp;&amp;\n"
"cd        build &amp;&amp;\n"
"\n"
"../configure --prefix=/usr               \\\n"
"             --sysconfdir=/etc           \\\n"
"             --target-list=$QEMU_ARCH    \\\n"
"             --audio-drv-list=alsa       \\\n"
"             --with-sdlabi=2.0           \\\n"
"             --docdir=/usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version; &amp;&amp;\n"
"\n"
"unset QEMU_ARCH &amp;&amp;\n"
"\n"
"make</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>if [ $(uname -m) = i686 ]; then\n"
"   QEMU_ARCH=i386-softmmu\n"
"else\n"
"   QEMU_ARCH=x86_64-softmmu\n"
"fi\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"mkdir -vp build &amp;&amp;\n"
"cd        build &amp;&amp;\n"
"\n"
"../configure --prefix=/usr               \\\n"
"             --sysconfdir=/etc           \\\n"
"             --target-list=$QEMU_ARCH    \\\n"
"             --audio-drv-list=alsa       \\\n"
"             --with-sdlabi=2.0           \\\n"
"             --docdir=/usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version; &amp;&amp;\n"
"\n"
"unset QEMU_ARCH &amp;&amp;\n"
"\n"
"make</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:207
msgid "To run the built in tests, run <command>make V=1 -k check</command>."
msgstr ""
"Pour lancer les tests intégrés, lancez <command>make V=1 -k check</command>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:211
msgid "Now, as the <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> user:"
msgstr ""
"Maintenant, en tant qu'utilisateur <systemitem "
"class=\"username\">root</systemitem>&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:214
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>make install</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>make install</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:217
msgid ""
"You will also need to add an Udev rule so that the KVM device gets correct "
"permissions:"
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez aussi avoir besoin d'ajouter une règle Udev pour que le "
"périphérique KVM ait les bonnes permissions&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:221
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat > /lib/udev/rules.d/65-kvm.rules &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>KERNEL==\"kvm\", GROUP=\"kvm\", MODE=\"0660\"</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>cat > /lib/udev/rules.d/65-kvm.rules &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>KERNEL==\"kvm\", GROUP=\"kvm\", MODE=\"0660\"</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:226
msgid ""
"Change the permissions and ownership of a helper script, which is needed "
"when using the <quote>bridge</quote> network device (see below):"
msgstr ""
"Modifiez les permissions et le propriétaire d'un script d'aide, qui est "
"requis lorsque vous utilisez un périphérique <quote>pont</quote> (voir en "
"bas)&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:230
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>chgrp kvm  /usr/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper &amp;&amp;\n"
"chmod 4750 /usr/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>chgrp kvm  /usr/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper &amp;&amp;\n"
"chmod 4750 /usr/libexec/qemu-bridge-helper</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:234
msgid ""
"For convenience you may want to create a symbolic link to run the installed "
"program. For instance:"
msgstr ""
"Par confort vous pouvez vouloir créer un lien symbolique pour lancer le "
"programme installé. Par exemple&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:237
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>ln -sv qemu-system-`uname -m` /usr/bin/qemu</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>ln -sv qemu-system-`uname -m` /usr/bin/qemu</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:243
msgid "Command Explanations"
msgstr "Explication des commandes"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:246
msgid ""
"<command>sed ... util/memfd.c</command>: This command fixes a conflict "
"introduced with glibc-2.27."
msgstr ""
"<command>sed ... util/memfd.c</command>&nbsp;: Cette commande corrige un "
"conflit introduit avec glibc-2.27."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:251
msgid ""
"<parameter>--audio-drv-list=alsa</parameter>: This switch sets the audio "
"driver to ALSA. For other drivers see the --audio-drv-list list in "
"<command>configure</command>'s help output. The default audio driver is OSS."
" To enable support for alsa and pulseaudio, use <parameter>--audio-drv-"
"list=alsa,pa</parameter>"
msgstr ""
"<parameter>--audio-drv-list=alsa</parameter>&nbsp;: Ce paramètre initialise "
"le pilote audio pour ALSA. Pour les autres pilotes regardez la liste "
"--audio-drv-list dans la sortie de l'aide de <command>configure</command>. "
"Le pilote audio par défaut est OSS. Pour activer le support pour alsa et "
"pulseaudio, utilisez <parameter>--audio-drv-list=alsa,pa</parameter>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:258
msgid ""
"<parameter>--audio-drv-list=pa</parameter>: This switch sets the audio "
"driver to pulseaudio. For other drivers see the --audio-drv-list list in "
"<command>configure</command>'s help output. The default audio driver is OSS."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>--audio-drv-list=alsa</parameter>: Ce paramètre initialise le "
"pilote audio pour ALSA. Pour les autres pilotes regardez la liste --audio-"
"drv-list dans la sortie de l'aide de <command>configure</command>. Le pilote"
" audio par défaut est OSS"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:265
msgid ""
"<parameter>--with-sdlabi=2.0</parameter>: Chooses to build with SDL-2 if "
"both SDL and SDL-2 are installed."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>--with-sdlabi=2.0</parameter>&nbsp;: Choisit de construire avec "
"SDL-2 si SDL et SDL-2 sont tous les deux installés."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:270
msgid ""
"<option>--with-gtkabi=3.0</option>: builds with GTK+-3 if both GTK+-2 and "
"GTK+-3 are installed."
msgstr ""
"<option>--with-gtkabi=3.0</option>&nbsp;: construit avec GTK+-3 si GTK+-2 et"
" GTK+-3 sont tous les deux installés."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:277
msgid "Using Qemu"
msgstr "Utilisation de Qemu"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:280
msgid ""
"Since using qemu means using a virtual computer, the steps to set up the "
"virtual machine are in close analogy with those to set up a real computer. "
"You'll need to decide about CPU, memory, disk, USB devices, network card(s),"
" screen size, etc. Once the <quote>hardware</quote> is decided, you'll have "
"for example to choose how to connect the machine to internet, and/or to "
"install an OS. In the following, we show basic ways of performing those "
"steps. But qemu is much more than this, and it is strongly advised to read "
"the qemu documentation in <filename>/usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version;/qemu-"
"doc.html</filename>."
msgstr ""
"Comme l'utilisation de qemu signifie d'utiliser un ordinateur virtuel, les "
"étapes pour mettre en place la machine virtuelle sont très proches de celles"
" d'un vrai ordinateur. Vous devrez décider du CPU, de la mémoire, des "
"disques, des périphériques USB, des cartes réseau, de la taille de l'écran, "
"etc. Une fois que le <quote>matériel</quote> est décidé, vous devrez par "
"exemple choisir comment connecter la machine à internet et installer un "
"système d'exploitation. Dans la suite, nous montrons des façons simples "
"d'effectuer ces étapes. Mais qemu est bien plus que ça, et il est fortement "
"recommandé de lire la documentation de qemu dans "
"<filename>/usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version;/qemu-doc.html</filename>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:293
msgid ""
"It is standard practice to name the computer running qemu "
"<quote>host</quote> and the emulated machine running under qemu the "
"<quote>guest</quote>. We'll use those notations in the following."
msgstr ""
"Il est d'usage d'appeler l'ordinateur qui fait tourner qemu "
"l'<quote>hôte</quote> et la machine émulée qui tourne sous qemu "
"l'<quote>invitée</quote>. Nous utiliserons ces notations dans la suite."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><note><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:301
msgid ""
"The following instructions assume the optional symbolic link, "
"<filename>qemu</filename>, has been created. Additionally, "
"<command>qemu</command> must be run from an X Window System based terminal "
"(either locally or over ssh)."
msgstr ""
"Les instructions suivantes supposent que vous avez créé le lien symbolique "
"facultatif, <filename>qemu</filename>. De plus, vous devez exécuter "
"<command>qemu</command> depuis un terminal dans une fenêtre X (soit "
"localement, soit à travers ssh)."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:308
msgid "Disk"
msgstr "Disk"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:310
msgid "A virtual disk may be set up in the following way:"
msgstr "Un disque virtuel peut être mis en place de cette manière&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:313
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>VDISK_SIZE=<replaceable>50G</replaceable>\n"
"VDISK_FILENAME=<replaceable>vdisk.img</replaceable>\n"
"qemu-img create -f qcow2 $VDISK_FILENAME $VDISK_SIZE</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>VDISK_SIZE=<replaceable>50G</replaceable>\n"
"VDISK_FILENAME=<replaceable>vdisk.img</replaceable>\n"
"qemu-img create -f qcow2 $VDISK_FILENAME $VDISK_SIZE</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:318
msgid ""
"The virtual disk size and filename should be ajusted as desired. The actual "
"size of the file will be less than specified, but will expand as needed, so "
"it is safe to put a high value."
msgstr ""
"Ajustez la taille du disque virtuel et le nom du fichier image comme vous le"
" souhaitez. La taille réelle du fichier sera plus petite que spécifiée, mais"
" s'agrandira quand il sera utilisé, donc une valeur élevée reste sûre."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:323
msgid "Operating System"
msgstr "Système d'exploitation"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:325
msgid ""
"To install an operating system, download an iso image from your preferred "
"Linux distribution. For the purposes of this example, we'll use "
"<filename>Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso</filename> in the current "
"directory. Run the following:"
msgstr ""
"Pour installer un système d'exploitation, téléchargez une image ISO de votre"
" distribution Linux préférée. Pour les besoins de l'exemple, nous "
"utiliserons une distribution <filename>Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-"
"LXDE.iso</filename> dans le répertoire courant. Exécutez les commandes "
"suivantes&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:331
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm                           \\\n"
"     -drive file=$VDISK_FILENAME           \\\n"
"     -cdrom Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso \\\n"
"     -boot d                               \\\n"
"     -m <replaceable>1G</replaceable></userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm                           \\\n"
"     -drive file=$VDISK_FILENAME           \\\n"
"     -cdrom Fedora-16-x86_64-Live-LXDE.iso \\\n"
"     -boot d                               \\\n"
"     -m <replaceable>1G</replaceable></userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:338
msgid ""
"Follow the normal installation procedures for the chosen distribution.  The "
"<parameter>-boot</parameter> option specifies the boot order of drives as a "
"string of drive letters. Valid drive letters are: a, b (floppy 1 and 2), c "
"(first hard disk), d (first CD-ROM). The <parameter>-m</parameter> option is"
" the amount of memory to use for the virtual machine. The choice depends on "
"the load of the host. Modern distributions should be comfortable with 1GB.  "
"The <parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter> option allows hardware acceleration. "
"Without this switch, the emulation is much slower."
msgstr ""
"Suivez la procédure d'installation normale pour la distribution choisie. "
"L'option <parameter>-boot</parameter> spécifie l'ordre de démarrage des "
"disques comme une chaîne de lettres de lecteur. Les lettres valides de "
"lecteurs sont&nbsp;: a, b (lecteur de disquettes 1 et 2), c (premier disque "
"dur), d (premier lecteur CD-ROM). L'option <parameter>-m</parameter> est la "
"quantité de mémoire à utiliser pour la machine virtuelle. Le choix dépend de"
" la charge de l'hôte. Les distributions modernes devraient être à l'aise "
"avec 1 Go. L'option <parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter> permet l'accélération"
" matérielle. Sans ce paramètre, l'émulation est assez lente."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:349
msgid "Defining the virtual hardware"
msgstr "Définition du matériel virtuel"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:351
msgid ""
"The virtual machine hardware is defined by the qemu command line.  An "
"example command is given below:"
msgstr ""
"Le matériel de la machine virtuelle est défini par la ligne de commande de "
"qemu. Par exemple&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:355
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm                     \\\n"
"     -smp 4                          \\\n"
"     -cpu host                       \\\n"
"     -m 1G                           \\\n"
"     -drive file=$VDISK_FILENAME     \\\n"
"     -cdrom grub-img.iso             \\\n"
"     -boot order=c,once=d,menu=on    \\\n"
"     -net nic,netdev=net0            \\\n"
"     -netdev user,id=net0            \\\n"
"     -soundhw ac97                   \\\n"
"     -vga std                        \\\n"
"     -serial mon:stdio               \\\n"
"     -name \"fedora-16\"</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm                     \\\n"
"     -smp 4                          \\\n"
"     -cpu host                       \\\n"
"     -m 1G                           \\\n"
"     -drive file=$VDISK_FILENAME     \\\n"
"     -cdrom grub-img.iso             \\\n"
"     -boot order=c,once=d,menu=on    \\\n"
"     -net nic,netdev=net0            \\\n"
"     -netdev user,id=net0            \\\n"
"     -soundhw ac97                   \\\n"
"     -vga std                        \\\n"
"     -serial mon:stdio               \\\n"
"     -name \"fedora-16\"</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:369
msgid "Meaning of the command line options"
msgstr "Signification des options de la ligne de commande"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:371
msgid ""
"<parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter>: enable full KVM virtualization support. "
"On some hardware, it may be necessary to add the undocumented "
"<option>-machine smm=off</option> option in order to enable KVM."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter>&nbsp;: active le support complet de la "
"virtualisation KVM. Sur certain matériels, il est nécessaire d'ajouter "
"l'option non-documentée <option>-machine smm=off</option> pour activer KVM."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:377
msgid ""
"<parameter>-smp &lt;N&gt;</parameter>: enable symmetric multiprocessing with"
" &lt;N&gt; CPUs."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-smp &lt;N&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: active le multi-tâche "
"symétrique avec &lt;N&gt; processeurs."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:382
msgid ""
"<parameter>-cpu &lt;model&gt;</parameter>: simulate CPU &lt;model&gt;.  the "
"list of supported models can be obtained with <option>-cpu help</option>."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-cpu &lt;model&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: simule le &lt;modèle&gt; du"
" processeur. La liste des modèles supportés peut être obtenu avec "
"<option>-cpu help</option>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:388
msgid ""
"<parameter>-drive file=&lt;filename&gt;</parameter>: defines a virtual disk "
"whose image is stored in <filename>&lt;filename&gt;</filename>."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-drive file=&lt;filename&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: définie un disque"
" virtuel dont l'image est enregistrée dans "
"<filename>&lt;filename&gt;</filename>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:393
msgid ""
"<parameter>-cdrom grub-img.iso</parameter>: defines an iso formated file to "
"use as a cdrom. Here we use a grub rescue disk, which may turn handy when "
"something goes wrong at boot time."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-cdrom grub-img.iso</parameter>&nbsp;: définit un fichier formaté"
" en iso pour l'utiliser comme cdrom. Ici nous utilisons le disque de secours"
" de grub, qui peut être pratique lorsque quelque chose ne va pas au "
"démarrage."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:399
msgid ""
"<parameter>-boot order=c,once=d,menu=on</parameter>: defines the boot order "
"for the virtual BIOS."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-boot order=c,once=d,menu=on</parameter>&nbsp;: définit l'ordre "
"de démarrage pour le BIOS virtuel."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:404
msgid ""
"<parameter>-net nic,netdev=&lt;netid&gt;</parameter>: defines a network card"
" connected to the network device with id &lt;netid&gt;."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-net nic,netdev=&lt;netid&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: définie la carte"
" réseau connectée au périphérique réseau avec l'id &lt;netid&gt;."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:409
msgid ""
"<parameter>-netdev user,id=&lt;netid&gt;</parameter>: defines the network "
"<quote>user</quote> device. This is a virtual local network with addresses "
"10.0.2.0/24, where the host has address 10.0.2.2 and acts as a gateway to "
"internet, and with a name server at address 10.0.2.3, and an smb server at "
"address 10.0.2.4. A builtin DHCP server can allocate addresses between "
"10.0.2.15 and 10.0.2.31."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-netdev user,id=&lt;netid&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: définie le "
"périphérique <quote>utilisateur</quote> réseau. Il s'agit d'un réseau local "
"virtuel avec les adresses 10.0.2.0/24, où l'hôte à l'adresse 10.0.2.2 et "
"agit comme une passerelle vers internet, et avec un serveur de nom à "
"l'adresse 10.0.2.3, et un serveur smb à l'adresse 10.0.2.4. Un serveur DHCP "
"inclus peut allouer des adresses entre 10.0.2.15 et 10.0.2.31."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:418
msgid ""
"<parameter>-soundhw &lt;model&gt;</parameter>: defines the soundcard model. "
"The list may be obtained with <option>-soundhw help</option>."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-soundhw &lt;model&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: définie le modèle de la"
" carte son. La liste peut être obtenue avec <option>-soundhw help</option>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:423
msgid ""
"<parameter>-vga &lt;type&gt;</parameter>: defines the type of vga card to "
"emulate."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-vga &lt;type&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: définie le type de carte vga"
" à émuler."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:428
msgid ""
"<parameter>-serial mon:stdio</parameter>: sends the serial port of the guest"
" (<filename>/dev/ttyS0</filename> on linux guests), multiplexed with the "
"qemu monitor, to the standard input and output of the qemu process."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-serial mon:stdio</parameter>&nbsp;: envoie le port série de "
"l'invité (<filename>/dev/ttyS0</filename> sur les invités linux), multiplexé"
" avec le moniteur qemu, vers l'entrée standard et la sortie du processus "
"qemu."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:435
msgid ""
"<parameter>-name &lt;name&gt;</parameter>: sets the name of the guest.  This"
" name is displayed in the guest window caption. It may be useful if you run "
"several guests at the same time."
msgstr ""
"<parameter>-name &lt;name&gt;</parameter>&nbsp;: définit le nom de l'invité."
" Ce nom est affiché dans le titre de la fenêtre de l'invité. Il peut être "
"utile si vous lancez plusieurs invités en même temps."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:440
msgid "Controlling the Emulated Display"
msgstr "Contrôle de l'affichage émulé"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:442
msgid ""
"It may happen that the guest window displayed by qemu does not correspond to"
" the full capability of the emulated vga card. For example, the vmware card "
"is 1600x900 capable, but only 1024x768 is displayed by default.  A suitable "
"Xorg configuration on the guest allows to use the full size (Note that the "
"Xorg video driver to use is <xref linkend=\"xorg-vmware-driver\"/>):"
msgstr ""
"Il peut arriver que la fenêtre de l'invité affichée par qemu ne corresponde "
"pas à la plein capacité de la carte vga émulée. Par exemple la carte vmware "
"est capable d'afficher en 1600x900 mais ne s'affiche qu'en 1024x768 par "
"défaut. Une configuration appropriée de Xorg sur l'invité permet d'utiliser "
"la taille maximale (remarquez que le pilote vidéo Xorg à utiliser est <xref "
"linkend=\"xorg-vmware-driver\"/>)&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:450
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-vmware.conf &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>Section         \"Monitor\"\n"
"  Identifier    \"Monitor0\"\n"
"  # cvt 1600 900\n"
"  # 1600x900 59.95 Hz (CVT 1.44M9) hsync: 55.99 kHz; pclk: 118.25 MHz\n"
"  Modeline      \"1600x900\"  118.25  1600 1696 1856 2112  900 903 908 934 -hsync +vsync\n"
"  Option        \"PreferredMode\" \"1600x900\"\n"
"  HorizSync     1-200\n"
"  VertRefresh   1-200\n"
"EndSection\n"
"\n"
"Section         \"Device\"\n"
"  Identifier    \"VMware SVGA II Adapter\"\n"
"  Option        \"Monitor\" \"default\"\n"
"  Driver        \"vmware\"\n"
"EndSection\n"
"\n"
"Section         \"Screen\"\n"
"  Identifier    \"Default Screen\"\n"
"  Device        \"VMware SVGA II Adapter\"\n"
"  Monitor       \"Monitor0\"\n"
"\n"
"  SubSection    \"Display\"\n"
"    Depth       24\n"
"    Modes       \"1600x900\" \"1440x900\" \"1366x768\" \"1280x720\" \"800x480\"\n"
"  EndSubSection\n"
"\n"
"EndSection</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>cat &gt; /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-vmware.conf &lt;&lt; \"EOF\"\n"
"<literal>Section         \"Monitor\"\n"
"  Identifier    \"Monitor0\"\n"
"  # cvt 1600 900\n"
"  # 1600x900 59.95 Hz (CVT 1.44M9) hsync: 55.99 kHz; pclk: 118.25 MHz\n"
"  Modeline      \"1600x900\"  118.25  1600 1696 1856 2112  900 903 908 934 -hsync +vsync\n"
"  Option        \"PreferredMode\" \"1600x900\"\n"
"  HorizSync     1-200\n"
"  VertRefresh   1-200\n"
"EndSection\n"
"\n"
"Section         \"Device\"\n"
"  Identifier    \"VMware SVGA II Adapter\"\n"
"  Option        \"Monitor\" \"default\"\n"
"  Driver        \"vmware\"\n"
"EndSection\n"
"\n"
"Section         \"Screen\"\n"
"  Identifier    \"Default Screen\"\n"
"  Device        \"VMware SVGA II Adapter\"\n"
"  Monitor       \"Monitor0\"\n"
"\n"
"  SubSection    \"Display\"\n"
"    Depth       24\n"
"    Modes       \"1600x900\" \"1440x900\" \"1366x768\" \"1280x720\" \"800x480\"\n"
"  EndSubSection\n"
"\n"
"EndSection</literal>\n"
"EOF</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:481
msgid ""
"New sizes will be available besides the native ones. You need to restart X "
"in order to have the new sizes available."
msgstr ""
"Des tailles supplémentaires seront disponibles en plus des tailles natives. "
"Vous devrez redémarrer X pour rendre ces nouvelles tailles disponibles."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:485
msgid "Networking"
msgstr "Networking"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:487
msgid ""
"The above solution for networking allows the guest to access the local "
"network through the host (and possibly to access internet through the local "
"routers), but the converse is not true. Not even the host can access the "
"guest, unless port forwarding is enabled. And in the case several guests are"
" running, they cannot communicate with each other.  Other network devices "
"can be used for this purpose. For example, there is the "
"<quote>socket</quote> device, which allows several guests to share a common "
"virtual network. In the following, we describe in more details how to set up"
" the <quote>bridge</quote> device, which allows the guests to appear as if "
"connected to the local network. All the commands below should be run as the "
"<systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem> user."
msgstr ""
"La solution pour le réseau ci-dessus permet à l'invité d'accéder au réseau "
"local à travers l'hôte (et éventuellement d'accéder à internet à travers des"
" routeurs locaux), mais l'inverse n'est pas vrai. Pas même l'hôte ne peut "
"accéder à l'invité, à moins que la redirection de port ne soit activée. Et "
"dans le cas où plusieurs invités tourneraient, ils ne peuvent pas "
"communiquer entre eux. D'autres périphériques réseau peuvent être utilisés "
"pour cela. Par exemple, le périphérique <quote>socket</quote> qui permet à "
"plusieurs invités de partager un réseau virtuel commun. Dans la suite, nous "
"décrivons plus en détails comment mettre en place le périphérique "
"<quote>bridge</quote> qui permet aux invités d'apparaître comme s'ils "
"étaient connectés au réseau local. Toutes les commandes ce-dessous devraient"
" être lancés en tant qu'utilisateur <systemitem "
"class=\"username\">root</systemitem>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:502
msgid ""
"Set up bridging with <xref linkend=\"bridgeutils\"/>. Only the physical "
"interface(s) should be set up at boot. The virtual interface(s) will be "
"added as needed when qemu is started."
msgstr ""
"Initialisez le pont avec <xref linkend=\"bridgeutils\"/>. Seules les "
"interfaces physiques devraient être mises en place au démarrage. Les "
"interfaces virtuelles seront ajoutées au besoin au démarrage de qemu."

#.  On SYS-V, IP_FORWARD is enabled by the
#.                                   bridge script.
#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:514
msgid "Allow the host to forward IP packets:"
msgstr "Autorisez le système hôte à transférer les paquets IP&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:518
#, no-wrap
msgid "<userinput>sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1</userinput>"
msgstr "<userinput>sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:521
msgid ""
"To make this permanent, add the command to <filename>/etc/sysctl.d/60-net-"
"forward.conf:</filename>"
msgstr ""
"Pour rendre cela permanent, ajoutez la commande au fichier "
"<filename>etc/sysctl.d/60-net-forward.conf</filename>&nbsp;:"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:526
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.d/60-net-forward.conf &lt;&lt; EOF\n"
"net.ipv4.ip_forward=1\n"
"EOF</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.d/60-net-forward.conf &lt;&lt; EOF\n"
"net.ipv4.ip_forward=1\n"
"EOF</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:531
msgid "Set up a required configuration file:"
msgstr "Initialisez un fichier de configuration requis&nbsp;:"

#.  /etc/qemu has not been installed by "make install" since version 2.4
#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><screen>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:535
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"<userinput>install -vdm 755 /etc/qemu &amp;&amp;\n"
"echo allow br0 &gt; /etc/qemu/bridge.conf</userinput>"
msgstr ""
"<userinput>install -vdm 755 /etc/qemu &amp;&amp;\n"
"echo allow br0 &gt; /etc/qemu/bridge.conf</userinput>"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:539
msgid ""
"In the command above, replace the switch <parameter>-netdev user,...  "
"</parameter> with <parameter>-netdev bridge,id=net0</parameter>."
msgstr ""
"Dans la commande au-dessus, remplacez l'option <parameter>-netdev "
"user,...</parameter> par <parameter>-netdev bridge,id=net0</parameter>."

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:546
msgid "Contents"
msgstr "Contenu"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:549
msgid "Installed Programs"
msgstr "Programmes installés"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:550
msgid "Installed Library"
msgstr "Bibliothèque installée"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><segtitle>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:551
msgid "Installed Directories"
msgstr "Répertoires installés"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:555
msgid ""
"ivshmem-client, ivshmem-server, qemu (symlink), qemu-ga, qemu-img, qemu-io, "
"qemu-nbd, qemu-system-&lt;arch&gt;, and virtfs-proxy-helper"
msgstr ""
"ivshmem-client, ivshmem-server, qemu (lien symbolique), qemu-ga, qemu-img, "
"qemu-io, qemu-nbd, qemu-system-&lt;arch&gt; et virtfs-proxy-helper"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:565
msgid "None"
msgstr "None"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><segmentedlist><seglistitem><seg>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:567
msgid "/usr/share/qemu and /usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version;"
msgstr "/usr/share/qemu et /usr/share/doc/qemu-&qemu-version;"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><bridgehead>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:574
msgid "Short Description"
msgstr "Descriptions courtes"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:579
msgid "<command>ivshmem-client</command>"
msgstr "<command>ivshmem-client</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:581
msgid "is a standalone client for using the ivshmem device."
msgstr "est un client autonome pour utiliser le périphérique ivshmem."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:583
msgid "ivshmem-client"
msgstr "ivshmem-client"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:589
msgid "<command>ivshmem-server</command>"
msgstr "<command>ivshmem-server</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:591
msgid "is an example server for the ivshmem device."
msgstr "est un exemple de serveur pour le périphérique ivshmem."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:593
msgid "ivshmem-server"
msgstr "ivshmem-server"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:599
msgid "<command>qemu-ga</command>"
msgstr "<command>qemu-ga</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:601
msgid ""
"implements support for QMP (QEMU Monitor Protocol) commands and events that "
"terminate and originate respectively within the guest using an agent built "
"as part of QEMU."
msgstr ""
"implémente le support pour les commandes QMP (Protocole de surveillance "
"QEMU) et les événements qui terminent et débutent respectivement au sein de "
"l'invité à l'aide d'un agent intégré dans le cadre de QEMU."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:605
msgid "qemu-ga"
msgstr "qemu-ga"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:611
msgid "<command>qemu-img</command>"
msgstr "<command>qemu-img</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:613
msgid "provides commands to manage QEMU disk images."
msgstr "fournit les commandes pour gérer les images disques QEMU."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:615
msgid "qemu-img"
msgstr "qemu-img"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:621
msgid "<command>qemu-io</command>"
msgstr "<command>qemu-io</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:623
msgid ""
"is a diagnostic and manipulation program for (virtual) memory media.  It is "
"still at an early stage of development."
msgstr ""
"est un programme de diagnostic et de manipulation pour les médias (virtuels)"
" en mémoire. Il est encore à un stade de développement précoce."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:626
msgid "qemu-io"
msgstr "qemu-io"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:632
msgid "<command>qemu-nbd</command>"
msgstr "<command>qemu-nbd</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:634
msgid ""
"exports Qemu disk images using the QEMU Disk Network Block Device (NBD) "
"protocol."
msgstr ""
"exporte les images disques Qemu en utilisant le protocole disque QEMU "
"\"Network Block Device\" (NBD)."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:637
msgid "qemu-nbd"
msgstr "qemu-nbd"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:643
msgid "<command>qemu-system-x86_64</command>"
msgstr "<command>qemu-system-x86_64</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:645
msgid "is the QEMU PC System emulator."
msgstr "est l'émulateur QEMU de système PC."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:647
msgid "qemu-system-x86_64"
msgstr "qemu-system-x86_64"

#. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><term>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:653
msgid "<command>virtfs-proxy-helper</command>"
msgstr "<command>virtfs-proxy-helper</command>"

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:655
msgid ""
"creates a socket pair or a named socket. QEMU and proxy helper communicate "
"using this socket. QEMU proxy fs driver sends filesystem request to proxy "
"helper and receives the response from it."
msgstr ""
"crée une paire de socket ou un socket nommé. Les communications de QEMU et "
"proxy helper utilise ce socket. le pilote QEMU proxy fs envoie les requêtes "
"du système de fichier à proxy helper et reçois les réponses de lui."

#. type: Content of:
#. <sect1><sect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><indexterm><primary>
#: blfs-en/postlfs/virtualization/qemu.xml:660
msgid "virtfs-proxy-helper"
msgstr "virtfs-proxy-helper"

#~ msgid "122fd7cdf241ff7eb1e42c0b503b5d1b"
#~ msgstr "122fd7cdf241ff7eb1e42c0b503b5d1b"

#~ msgid "ca553eb04c933f58111c304452fc4cc5"
#~ msgstr "ca553eb04c933f58111c304452fc4cc5"

#~ msgid "61cf862b6007eba4ac98247776af2e27"
#~ msgstr "61cf862b6007eba4ac98247776af2e27"

#~ msgid "31 MB"
#~ msgstr "31 Mo"

#~ msgid "335994a755bc655e88a87aeb36bfc0b9"
#~ msgstr "335994a755bc655e88a87aeb36bfc0b9"

#~ msgid "b375373f688bea0cd8865b966dad15e3"
#~ msgstr "b375373f688bea0cd8865b966dad15e3"

#~ msgid "29 MB"
#~ msgstr "29 Mo"

#~ msgid "ca73441de73a9b52c6c49c97190d2185"
#~ msgstr "ca73441de73a9b52c6c49c97190d2185"

#~ msgid "30 MB"
#~ msgstr "30 Mo"

#~ msgid "02781eb15b364aedef79da7a5113f5b7"
#~ msgstr "02781eb15b364aedef79da7a5113f5b7"

#~ msgid "27 MB"
#~ msgstr "27 Mo"

#~ msgid "606cccba9ce7de7567a50f0277ced02a"
#~ msgstr "606cccba9ce7de7567a50f0277ced02a"

#~ msgid "17940dce063b6ce450a12e719a6c9c43"
#~ msgstr "17940dce063b6ce450a12e719a6c9c43"

#~ msgid "<xref linkend=\"sdl2\"/>"
#~ msgstr "<xref linkend=\"sdl2\"/>"

#~ msgid "08d4d06d1cb598efecd796137f4844ab"
#~ msgstr "08d4d06d1cb598efecd796137f4844ab"

#~ msgid "26 MB"
#~ msgstr "26 Mo"

#~ msgid "579 MB (with tests)"
#~ msgstr "579 Mo (avec les tests)"

#~ msgid "3.5 SBU (with tests)"
#~ msgstr "3.5 SBU (avec les tests)"

#~ msgid "Configuring qemu"
#~ msgstr "Configuration de qemu"

#~ msgid "To generate an image, run:"
#~ msgstr "Pour générer une image, lancez&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid "<userinput>qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G</userinput>"
#~ msgstr "<userinput>qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G</userinput>"

#~ msgid "To run the newly installed operating system, run:"
#~ msgstr "Pour exécuter le nouveau système d'exploitation, lancer&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid "<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm vdisk.img -m 384</userinput>"
#~ msgstr "<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm vdisk.img -m 384</userinput>"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "You may have problem with <parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter>.  Also, you may"
#~ " want to define audio and video drivers, number of cpu cores and threads. An"
#~ " alternative command to install the operating system is (see qemu man page "
#~ "for the parameters definitions):"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Il se peut que vous ayez un problème avec <parameter>-enable-"
#~ "kvm</parameter>. Aussi, vous pourriez vouloir définir les pilotes audio et "
#~ "vidéo, le nombre de cœurs de CPU et de threads. Une commande alternative "
#~ "pour installer le système d'exploitation est (voir la page de manuel de qemu"
#~ " pour la définition des paramètres)&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm             \\\n"
#~ "     -cdrom /home/fernando/ISO/linuxmint-17.1-mate-32bit.iso \\\n"
#~ "     -boot order=d           \\\n"
#~ "     -m 1G,slots=3,maxmem=4G \\\n"
#~ "     -machine smm=off        \\\n"
#~ "     -soundhw es1370         \\\n"
#~ "     -cpu host               \\\n"
#~ "     -smp cores=4,threads=2  \\\n"
#~ "     -vga std                \\\n"
#~ "     vdisk.img</userinput>"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm             \\\n"
#~ "     -cdrom /home/fernando/ISO/linuxmint-17.1-mate-32bit.iso \\\n"
#~ "     -boot order=d           \\\n"
#~ "     -m 1G,slots=3,maxmem=4G \\\n"
#~ "     -machine smm=off        \\\n"
#~ "     -soundhw es1370         \\\n"
#~ "     -cpu host               \\\n"
#~ "     -smp cores=4,threads=2  \\\n"
#~ "     -vga std                \\\n"
#~ "     vdisk.img</userinput>"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "One parameter not appearing in the qemu man page is <parameter>-machine "
#~ "smm=off</parameter>, and is used to allow <parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter>"
#~ " in some systems. In order to run the machine, you can alternatively issue:"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Un paramètre qui n’apparaît pas dans la page de manuel de qemu est "
#~ "<parameter>-machine smm=off</parameter>. Il est utilisé pour permettre "
#~ "l'utilisation de <parameter>-enable-kvm</parameter> sur certains systèmes. "
#~ "Pour pouvoir lancer la machine, lancez&nbsp;: "

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm             \\\n"
#~ "     -machine smm=off        \\\n"
#~ "     -boot order=d           \\\n"
#~ "     -m 1G,slots=3,maxmem=4G \\\n"
#~ "     -soundhw es1370         \\\n"
#~ "     -cpu host               \\\n"
#~ "     -smp cores=4,threads=2  \\\n"
#~ "     -vga vmware             \\\n"
#~ "     -hda vdisk.img</userinput>"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<userinput>qemu -enable-kvm             \\\n"
#~ "     -machine smm=off        \\\n"
#~ "     -boot order=d           \\\n"
#~ "     -m 1G,slots=3,maxmem=4G \\\n"
#~ "     -soundhw es1370         \\\n"
#~ "     -cpu host               \\\n"
#~ "     -smp cores=4,threads=2  \\\n"
#~ "     -vga vmware             \\\n"
#~ "     -hda vdisk.img</userinput>"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "Sometimes, you want the machine to have different screen sizes than the ones"
#~ " natively offered by the virtual grahics card. The example below is for qemu"
#~ " vmware graphics card, which uses <xref linkend=\"xorg-vmmouse-driver\"/> "
#~ "and is set to give maximum screen size of 1600x900. As the <systemitem "
#~ "class=\"username\">root</systemitem> user, issue:"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Parfois, vous pouvez souhaiter que la machine ait une taille d'écran "
#~ "différente de celle naturellement offerte par la carte graphique virtuelle. "
#~ "L'exemple ci-dessous utilise la carte graphique vmware, qui utilise <xref "
#~ "linkend=\"xorg-vmmouse-driver\"/> et est paramétrée pour donner une taille "
#~ "maximale de 1600x900. En tant qu'utilisateur <systemitem "
#~ "class=\"username\">root</systemitem>, lancez&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "qemu provides a DHCP server for the VM and, depending on the client system, "
#~ "sets up networking though the host."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "qemu fournit un serveur DHCP pour la VM et, en fonction du système client, "
#~ "paramètre le réseau à travers l'hôte."

#~ msgid ""
#~ "One problem with the above networking solution is that it does not provide "
#~ "the ability to connect with the local network.  To do that, there are "
#~ "several additional steps that need to be done, all as the <systemitem "
#~ "class=\"username\">root</systemitem> user:"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "un problème avec la solution réseau précédente est qu'elle ne fournit pas la"
#~ " possibilité de se connecter sur le réseau local. Pour faire cela, il y a "
#~ "quelques étapes supplémentaires qui doivent être faites, toutes en tant "
#~ "qu'utilisateur <systemitem class=\"username\">root</systemitem>&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid "Set up bridging with <xref linkend='bridgeutils'/>."
#~ msgstr "Initialiser le mode pont avec <xref linkend='bridgeutils'/>."

#~ msgid ""
#~ "To make this permanent, add the command to "
#~ "<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf:</filename>"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Pour rendre cela permanent, ajoutez la commande dans le fichier "
#~ "<filename>/etc/sysctl.conf</filename>&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf &lt;&lt; EOF\n"
#~ "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1\n"
#~ "EOF</userinput>"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/sysctl.conf &lt;&lt; EOF\n"
#~ "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1\n"
#~ "EOF</userinput>"

#~ msgid "Allow the network connection when running as a part of the kvm group:"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Permettre les connections réseaux quand l'exécution en tant que membre du "
#~ "groupe kvm&nbsp;:"

#~ msgid "Start qemu with \"-net nic -net bridge\" options."
#~ msgstr "Démarrer qemu avec les options \"-net nic -net bridge\"."

#~ msgid ""
#~ "If a connection, such as ssh, from the local network to the client VM is "
#~ "desired, the client should be configured with a static IP address."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Si une connexion, en ssh par exemple, depuis le réseau local vers la VM "
#~ "cliente est souhaitée, le client devra être configuré avec une adresse IP "
#~ "statique."

#~ msgid "libcacard.so"
#~ msgstr "libcacard.so"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "implements a sockets interface to the virtual CCID reader on the guest."
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "implémente une interface via des sockets pour le lecteur CCID virtuel de "
#~ "l'invité."

#~ msgid "<filename class=\"libraryfile\">libcacard.so</filename>"
#~ msgstr "<filename class=\"libraryfile\">libcacard.so</filename>"

#~ msgid "is the Virtual Smart Card Emulator library."
#~ msgstr "est une bibliothèque d'émulation pour une Smart Card virtuelle."

#~ msgid "6a183b192018192943b6781e1bb9b72f"
#~ msgstr "6a183b192018192943b6781e1bb9b72f"

#~ msgid "25 MB"
#~ msgstr "25 Mo"

#~ msgid "f469f2330bbe76e3e39db10e9ac4f8db"
#~ msgstr "f469f2330bbe76e3e39db10e9ac4f8db"

#~ msgid ""
#~ "<userinput>make install &amp;&amp;\n"
#~ "[ -e  /usr/lib/libcacard.so ] &amp;&amp;\n"
#~ "chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libcacard.so</userinput>"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "<userinput>make install &amp;&amp;\n"
#~ "[ -e  /usr/lib/libcacard.so ] &amp;&amp;\n"
#~ "chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/libcacard.so</userinput>"