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7156 | jlepiller | 1 | # SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE |
2 | # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
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3 | # This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package. |
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4 | # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. |
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5 | # |
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6 | msgid "" |
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7 | msgstr "" |
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8 | "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" |
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7163 | jlepiller | 9 | "POT-Creation-Date: 2016-09-25 12:25+0200\n" |
7156 | jlepiller | 10 | "PO-Revision-Date: 2016-08-17 09:18+0000\n" |
11 | "Last-Translator: roptat <roptat@lepiller.eu>\n" |
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12 | "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" |
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13 | "Language: fr\n" |
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14 | "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" |
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15 | "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" |
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16 | "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" |
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17 | "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n" |
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18 | "X-Generator: Pootle 2.7\n" |
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19 | "X-POOTLE-MTIME: 1471425533.000000\n" |
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20 | |||
21 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect1info> |
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22 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:12 |
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23 | #, fuzzy |
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24 | #| msgid "" |
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25 | #| "<othername>$LastChangedBy: randy $</othername> <date>$Date: 2007-04-04 " |
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26 | #| "21:42:53 +0200 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) $</date>" |
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27 | msgid "" |
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28 | "<othername>$LastChangedBy: randy $</othername> <date>$Date: 2007-04-04 " |
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7163 | jlepiller | 29 | "21:42:53 +0200 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) $</date>" |
7156 | jlepiller | 30 | msgstr "" |
31 | "<othername>$LastChangedBy : randy $</othername> <date>$Date : " |
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32 | "2007-04-04 21:42:53 +0200 (mer, 04 avril 2007) $</date>" |
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33 | |||
34 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><title> |
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35 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:16 |
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36 | msgid "Package Management" |
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37 | msgstr "Gestion de paquets" |
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38 | |||
39 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> |
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40 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:18 |
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41 | msgid "" |
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42 | "Package Management is an often requested addition to the LFS Book. A Package " |
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43 | "Manager allows tracking the installation of files making it easy to remove " |
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44 | "and upgrade packages. And before you begin to wonder, NO—this section " |
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45 | "does not talk about any particular package manager, nor does it recommend " |
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46 | "one. What it provides is a roundup of the more popular techniques and how " |
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47 | "they work. The perfect package manager for you may be among these techniques " |
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48 | "or may be a combination of two or more of these techniques. This section " |
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49 | "briefly mentions issues that may arise when upgrading packages." |
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50 | msgstr "" |
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51 | "La gestion de paquets est un ajout souvent demandé au livre LFS. Un " |
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52 | "gestionnaire de paquets permet de conserver une trace des fichiers " |
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53 | "installés, simplifiant ainsi leur suppression ou leur mise à jour. Un " |
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54 | "gestionnaire de paquets gérera tant les fichiers binaires et de bibliothèque " |
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55 | "que l'installation des fichiers de configuration. Avant tout, NON—" |
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56 | "cette section ne parle pas d'un gestionnaire de paquets particulier, elle " |
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57 | "n'en recommande pas non plus. Elle fait un tour des techniques les plus " |
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58 | "populaires pour indiquer comment elles fonctionnent. Le gestionnaire de " |
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59 | "paquets parfait pourrait faire partie de ces techniques ou pourrait être une " |
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60 | "combinaison d'une ou plusieurs techniques. Cette section mentionne " |
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61 | "brièvement les problèmes pouvant survenir lors de la mise à jour des paquets." |
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62 | |||
63 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> |
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64 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:28 |
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65 | msgid "Some reasons why no package manager is mentioned in LFS or BLFS:" |
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66 | msgstr "" |
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67 | "Parmi les raisons de l'absence d'un gestionnaire de paquets mentionné dans " |
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68 | "LFS ou BLFS :" |
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69 | |||
70 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> |
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71 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:33 |
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72 | msgid "" |
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73 | "Dealing with package management takes the focus away from the goals of these " |
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74 | "books—teaching how a Linux system is built." |
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75 | msgstr "" |
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76 | "S'occuper de la gestion de paquets est en dehors des buts de ces " |
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77 | "livres— visant à apprendre comment un système Linux est construit." |
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78 | |||
79 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> |
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80 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:37 |
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81 | msgid "" |
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82 | "There are multiple solutions for package management, each having its " |
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83 | "strengths and drawbacks. Including one that satisfies all audiences is " |
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84 | "difficult." |
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85 | msgstr "" |
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86 | "Il existe de nombreuses solutions pour la gestion de paquets, chacune ayant " |
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87 | "des forces et ses faiblesses. En inclure une qui satisfait tout le monde est " |
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88 | "difficile." |
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89 | |||
90 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><para> |
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91 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:43 |
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92 | msgid "" |
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93 | "There are some hints written on the topic of package management. Visit the " |
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94 | "<ulink url=\"&hints-root;\">Hints subproject</ulink> and see if one of them " |
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95 | "fits your need." |
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96 | msgstr "" |
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97 | "Des astuces ont été écrites sur le thème de la gestion de paquets. Visitez " |
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98 | "le <ulink url=\"&hints-index;\">Projet des astuces</ulink> et voyez celui " |
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99 | "qui satisfait vos besoins." |
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100 | |||
101 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> |
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102 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:48 |
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103 | msgid "Upgrade Issues" |
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104 | msgstr "Problèmes de mise à jour" |
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105 | |||
106 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> |
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107 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:50 |
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108 | msgid "" |
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109 | "A Package Manager makes it easy to upgrade to newer versions when they are " |
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110 | "released. Generally the instructions in the LFS and BLFS Book can be used to " |
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111 | "upgrade to the newer versions. Here are some points that you should be aware " |
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112 | "of when upgrading packages, especially on a running system." |
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113 | msgstr "" |
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114 | "Un gestionnaire de paquets facilite la mise à jour des nouvelles versions au " |
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115 | "moment de leur sortie. Généralement, les instructions dans les livres LFS et " |
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116 | "BLFS peuvent être utilisées pour les nouvelles versions. Voici quelques " |
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117 | "points à connaître pour une mise à jour de paquets, spécifiquement sur un " |
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118 | "système en cours de fonctionnement." |
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119 | |||
120 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> |
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121 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:57 |
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122 | msgid "" |
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123 | "If one of the toolchain packages (<application>Glibc</application>, " |
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124 | "<application>GCC</application> or <application>Binutils</application>) needs " |
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125 | "to be upgraded to a newer minor version, it is safer to rebuild LFS. Though " |
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126 | "you <emphasis>may</emphasis> be able to get by rebuilding all the packages " |
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127 | "in their dependency order, we do not recommend it. For example, if glibc-2.2." |
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128 | "x needs to be updated to glibc-2.3.x, it is safer to rebuild. For micro " |
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129 | "version updates, a simple reinstallation usually works, but is not " |
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130 | "guaranteed. For example, upgrading from glibc-2.3.4 to glibc-2.3.5 will not " |
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131 | "usually cause any problems." |
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132 | msgstr "" |
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133 | "Si un des paquets de l'ensemble d'outils (<application>Glibc</application>, " |
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134 | "<application>GCC</application> ou <application>Binutils</application>) doit " |
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135 | "être mis à jour avec une nouvelle version mineure, reconstruire LFS est plus " |
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136 | "sûr. Bien que vous <emphasis>pourriez</emphasis> être capable de ne pas " |
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137 | "reconstruire tous les paquets dans leur ordre de dépendances, nous ne vous " |
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138 | "le recommandons pas. Par exemple, si glibc-2.2.x a besoin d'être mis à jour " |
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139 | "vers glibc-2.3.x, il est préférable de reconstruire. Pour les mises à jour " |
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140 | "encore plus mineures, une simple réinstallation fonctionne généralement mais " |
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141 | "cela n'est pas garanti. Par exemple, mettre à jour de glibc-2.3.1 à " |
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142 | "glibc-2.3.2 ne causera aucun problème." |
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143 | |||
144 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> |
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145 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:69 |
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146 | msgid "" |
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147 | "If a package containing a shared library is updated, and if the name of the " |
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148 | "library changes, then all the packages dynamically linked to the library " |
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149 | "need to be recompiled to link against the newer library. (Note that there " |
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150 | "is no correlation between the package version and the name of the library.) " |
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151 | "For example, consider a package foo-1.2.3 that installs a shared library " |
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152 | "with name <filename class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.1</filename>. Say you " |
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153 | "upgrade the package to a newer version foo-1.2.4 that installs a shared " |
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154 | "library with name <filename class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.2</filename>. In " |
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155 | "this case, all packages that are dynamically linked to <filename " |
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156 | "class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.1</filename> need to be recompiled to link " |
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157 | "against <filename class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.2</filename>. Note that you " |
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158 | "should not remove the previous libraries until the dependent packages are " |
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159 | "recompiled." |
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160 | msgstr "" |
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161 | "Si un paquet contenant une bibliothèque partagée est mise à jour et si le " |
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162 | "nom de cette dernière est modifié, alors les paquets liées dynamiquement à " |
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163 | "la bibliothèque devront être recompilés pour être liés à la nouvelle " |
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164 | "bibliothèque. (Remarquez qu'il n'y a aucune corrélation entre la version du " |
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165 | "paquet et le nom de la bibliothèque.) Par exemple, considérez un paquet " |
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166 | "foo-1.2.3 qui installe une bibliothèque partagée de nom <filename " |
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167 | "class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.1</filename>. Disons que vous mettez à jour " |
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168 | "le paquet avec une nouvelle version foo-1.2.4 qui installe une bibliothèque " |
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169 | "partagée de nom <filename class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.2</filename>. Dans " |
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170 | "ce cas, tous les paquets liés dynamiquement à <filename " |
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171 | "class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.1</filename> doivent être recompilés pour être " |
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172 | "liés à <filename class='libraryfile'>libfoo.so.2</filename>. Remarquez que " |
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173 | "vous ne devez pas supprimer les anciennes bibliothèques jusqu'à ce que les " |
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174 | "paquets indépendants soient recompilés." |
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175 | |||
176 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><itemizedlist><listitem><para> |
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177 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:86 |
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178 | msgid "" |
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179 | "If you are upgrading a running system, be on the lookout for packages that " |
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180 | "use <command>cp</command> instead of <command>install</command> to install " |
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181 | "files. The latter command is usually safer if the executable or library is " |
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182 | "already loaded in memory." |
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183 | msgstr "" |
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184 | "Si vous mettez à jour un système en fonction, cherchez des paquets qui " |
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185 | "utilisent <command>cp</command> à la place de <command>install</command> " |
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186 | "pour installer des fichiers. La dernière commande est en général plus sûre " |
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187 | "si l'exécutable ou la bibliothèque est déjà chargé en mémoire." |
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188 | |||
189 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><title> |
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190 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:96 |
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191 | msgid "Package Management Techniques" |
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192 | msgstr "Techniques de gestion de paquets" |
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193 | |||
194 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><para> |
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195 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:98 |
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196 | msgid "" |
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197 | "The following are some common package management techniques. Before making a " |
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198 | "decision on a package manager, do some research on the various techniques, " |
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199 | "particularly the drawbacks of the particular scheme." |
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200 | msgstr "" |
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201 | "Ce qui suit est une liste de techniques habituelles de gestion de paquets. " |
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202 | "Avant de prendre une décision sur un gestionnaire de paquets, faites une " |
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203 | "recherche sur les différentes techniques et notamment leurs faiblesses." |
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204 | |||
205 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
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206 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:103 |
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207 | msgid "It is All in My Head!" |
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208 | msgstr "Tout est dans ma tête !" |
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209 | |||
210 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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211 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:105 |
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212 | msgid "" |
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213 | "Yes, this is a package management technique. Some folks do not find the need " |
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214 | "for a package manager because they know the packages intimately and know " |
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215 | "what files are installed by each package. Some users also do not need any " |
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216 | "package management because they plan on rebuilding the entire system when a " |
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217 | "package is changed." |
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218 | msgstr "" |
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219 | "Oui, c'est une technique de gestion de paquets. Certains n'éprouvent pas le " |
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220 | "besoin d'un gestionnaire de paquets parce qu'ils connaissent très bien les " |
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221 | "paquets et connaissent les fichiers installés par chaque paquet. Certains " |
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222 | "utilisateurs n'en ont pas besoin parce qu'ils planifient la reconstruction " |
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223 | "entière de LFS lorsqu'un paquet est modifié." |
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224 | |||
225 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
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226 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:114 |
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227 | msgid "Install in Separate Directories" |
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228 | msgstr "Installer dans des répertoires séparés" |
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229 | |||
230 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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231 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:116 |
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232 | msgid "" |
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233 | "This is a simplistic package management that does not need any extra package " |
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234 | "to manage the installations. Each package is installed in a separate " |
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235 | "directory. For example, package foo-1.1 is installed in <filename " |
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236 | "class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.1</filename> and a symlink is made from " |
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237 | "<filename>/usr/pkg/foo</filename> to <filename class='directory'>/usr/pkg/" |
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238 | "foo-1.1</filename>. When installing a new version foo-1.2, it is installed " |
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239 | "in <filename class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.2</filename> and the previous " |
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240 | "symlink is replaced by a symlink to the new version." |
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241 | msgstr "" |
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242 | "C'est une gestion des paquets tellement simple qu'elle ne nécessite aucun " |
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243 | "paquet supplémentaire pour gérer les installations. Chaque paquet est " |
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244 | "installé dans un répertoire séparé. Par exemple, le paquet foo-1.1 est " |
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245 | "installé dans <filename class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.1</filename> et un " |
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246 | "lien symbolique est créé de <filename>/usr/pkg/foo</filename> vers <filename " |
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247 | "class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.1</filename>. Lors de l'installation de la " |
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248 | "nouvelle version foo-1.2, elle est installée dans <filename " |
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249 | "class='directory'>/usr/pkg/foo-1.2</filename> et l'ancien lien symbolique " |
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250 | "est remplacé par un lien symbolique vers la nouvelle version." |
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251 | |||
252 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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253 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:126 |
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254 | msgid "" |
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255 | "The environment variables such as those mentioned in <quote><xref linkend=" |
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256 | "\"beyond\"/></quote> need to be expanded to include <filename>/usr/pkg/foo</" |
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257 | "filename>. For more than a few packages, this scheme becomes unmanageable." |
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258 | msgstr "" |
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259 | "Les variables d'environnement telles que celles indiquées à la <quote><xref " |
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260 | "linkend=\"beyond\"/></quote> ont besoin d'être étendues pour inclure " |
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261 | "<filename>/usr/pkg/foo</filename>. Pour plus que quelques paquets, ce schéma " |
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262 | "devient ingérable." |
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263 | |||
264 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
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265 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:134 |
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266 | msgid "Symlink Style Package Management" |
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267 | msgstr "Gestion de paquet par lien symbolique" |
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268 | |||
269 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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270 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:136 |
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271 | msgid "" |
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272 | "This is a variation of the previous package management technique. Each " |
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273 | "package is installed similar to the previous scheme. But instead of making " |
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274 | "the symlink, each file is symlinked into the <filename class='directory'>/" |
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275 | "usr</filename> hierarchy. This removes the need to expand the environment " |
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276 | "variables. Though the symlinks can be created by the user to automate the " |
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277 | "creation, many package managers have been written using this approach. A few " |
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278 | "of the popular ones are Stow, Epkg, Graft, and Depot." |
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279 | msgstr "" |
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280 | "C'est une variante de la technique précédente. Chaque paquet est installé de " |
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281 | "façon similaire au schéma précédent. Mais au lieu de réaliser le lien " |
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282 | "symbolique, chaque fichier dispose d'un lien symbolique vers son équivalent " |
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283 | "dans la hiérarchie <filename class='directory'>/usr</filename>. Ceci " |
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284 | "supprime le besoin d'étendre les variables d'environnement. Bien que les " |
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285 | "liens symboliques puissent être créés par l'utilisateur, pour automatiser la " |
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286 | "création, certains gestionnaires de paquets ont été écrits avec cette " |
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287 | "approche. Parmi les plus populaires se trouvent Stow, Epkg, Graft et Depot." |
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288 | |||
289 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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290 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:145 |
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291 | msgid "" |
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292 | "The installation needs to be faked, so that the package thinks that it is " |
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293 | "installed in <filename class=\"directory\">/usr</filename> though in reality " |
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294 | "it is installed in the <filename class=\"directory\">/usr/pkg</filename> " |
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295 | "hierarchy. Installing in this manner is not usually a trivial task. For " |
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296 | "example, consider that you are installing a package libfoo-1.1. The " |
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297 | "following instructions may not install the package properly:" |
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298 | msgstr "" |
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299 | "L'installation doit être faussée, de façon à ce que chaque paquet pense " |
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300 | "qu'il est installé dans <filename class=\"directory\">/usr</filename> alors " |
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301 | "qu'en réalité il est installé dans la hiérarchie <filename class=\"directory" |
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302 | "\">/usr/pkg</filename>. Installer de cette manière n'est généralement pas " |
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303 | "une tâche triviale. Par exemple, considérez que vous installez un paquet " |
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304 | "libfoo-1.1. Les instructions suivantes pourraient ne pas installer " |
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305 | "correctement le paquet :" |
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306 | |||
307 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><screen> |
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308 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:152 |
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309 | #, no-wrap |
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310 | msgid "" |
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311 | "<userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1\n" |
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312 | "make\n" |
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313 | "make install</userinput>" |
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314 | msgstr "" |
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315 | "<userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1\n" |
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316 | "make\n" |
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317 | "make install</userinput>" |
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318 | |||
319 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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320 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:156 |
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321 | msgid "" |
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322 | "The installation will work, but the dependent packages may not link to " |
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323 | "libfoo as you would expect. If you compile a package that links against " |
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324 | "libfoo, you may notice that it is linked to <filename class='libraryfile'>/" |
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325 | "usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1/lib/libfoo.so.1</filename> instead of <filename " |
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326 | "class='libraryfile'>/usr/lib/libfoo.so.1</filename> as you would expect. The " |
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327 | "correct approach is to use <envar>DESTDIR</envar> strategy to fake " |
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328 | "installation of the package. This approach works as follows:" |
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329 | msgstr "" |
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330 | "L'installation fonctionnera mais les paquets dépendants pourraient ne pas " |
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331 | "lier libfoo comme vous vous y attendriez. Si vous compilez un paquet qui se " |
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332 | "lie à <filename class='libraryfile'>/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1/lib/libfoo.so.1</" |
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333 | "filename> au lieu de <filename class='libraryfile'>/usr/lib/libfoo.so.1</" |
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334 | "filename> comme vous le prévoyez. La bonne approche est d'utiliser la " |
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335 | "stratégie <envar>DESTDIR</envar> pour fausser l'installation du paquet. " |
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336 | "Cette approche fonctionne ainsi :" |
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337 | |||
338 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><screen> |
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339 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:165 |
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340 | #, no-wrap |
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341 | msgid "" |
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342 | "<userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr\n" |
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343 | "make\n" |
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344 | "make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput>" |
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345 | msgstr "" |
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346 | "<userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr\n" |
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347 | "make\n" |
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348 | "make DESTDIR=/usr/pkg/libfoo/1.1 install</userinput>" |
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349 | |||
350 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
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351 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:169 |
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352 | msgid "" |
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353 | "Most of the packages do support this approach, but there are some which do " |
||
354 | "not. For the non-compliant packages, you may either need to manually install " |
||
355 | "the package, or you may find that it is easier to install some problematic " |
||
356 | "packages into <filename class='directory'>/opt</filename>." |
||
357 | msgstr "" |
||
358 | "La plupart des paquets supportent cette approche mais elle pose problème à " |
||
359 | "certains. Pour les paquets non compatibles, vous pouvez soit les installer " |
||
360 | "manuellement soit trouver plus simple d'installer les paquets problématiques " |
||
361 | "dans <filename class='directory'>/opt</filename>." |
||
362 | |||
363 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
||
364 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:178 |
||
365 | msgid "Timestamp Based" |
||
366 | msgstr "Basé sur le temps" |
||
367 | |||
368 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
||
369 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:180 |
||
370 | msgid "" |
||
371 | "In this technique, a file is timestamped before the installation of the " |
||
372 | "package. After the installation, a simple use of the <command>find</command> " |
||
373 | "command with the appropriate options can generate a log of all the files " |
||
374 | "installed after the timestamp file was created. A package manager written " |
||
375 | "with this approach is install-log." |
||
376 | msgstr "" |
||
377 | "Avec cette technique, un fichier est balisé avec l'heure avant " |
||
378 | "l'installation du paquet. Après l'installation, une simple utilisation de la " |
||
379 | "commande <command>find</command> avec les options appropriées peut générer " |
||
380 | "une trace de tous les fichiers installés après que le fichier temps ne soit " |
||
381 | "créé. install-log est un gestionnaire de paquets écrit avec cette approche." |
||
382 | |||
383 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
||
384 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:186 |
||
385 | msgid "" |
||
386 | "Though this scheme has the advantage of being simple, it has two drawbacks. " |
||
387 | "If during installation, the files are installed with any timestamp other " |
||
388 | "than the current time, those files will not be tracked by the package " |
||
389 | "manager. Also, this scheme can only be used when one package is installed at " |
||
390 | "a time. The logs are not reliable if two packages are being installed on two " |
||
391 | "different consoles." |
||
392 | msgstr "" |
||
393 | "Bien que ce schéma a l'avantage d'être simple, il a deux inconvénients. Si à " |
||
394 | "l'installation, les fichiers sont installés sans balise de temps autre que " |
||
395 | "l'heure actuelle, ces fichiers ne seront pas suivis par le gestionnaire de " |
||
396 | "paquets. De plus, ce schéma peut seulement être utilisé lorsqu'un seul " |
||
397 | "paquet est installé à la fois. Les traces ne sont pas fiables si deux " |
||
398 | "paquets sont installés dans deux consoles différentes." |
||
399 | |||
400 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
||
401 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:195 |
||
402 | msgid "LD_PRELOAD Based" |
||
403 | msgstr "Basé sur LD_PRELOAD" |
||
404 | |||
405 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
||
406 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:197 |
||
407 | msgid "" |
||
408 | "In this approach, a library is preloaded before installation. During " |
||
409 | "installation, this library tracks the packages that are being installed by " |
||
410 | "attaching itself to various executables such as <command>cp</command>, " |
||
411 | "<command>install</command>, <command>mv</command> and tracking the system " |
||
412 | "calls that modify the filesystem. For this approach to work, all the " |
||
413 | "executables need to be dynamically linked without the suid or sgid bit. " |
||
414 | "Preloading the library may cause some unwanted side-effects during " |
||
415 | "installation. Therefore, do perform some tests to ensure that the package " |
||
416 | "manager does not break anything and logs all the appropriate files." |
||
417 | msgstr "" |
||
418 | "Avec cette approche, une bibliothèque est préchargée avant l'installation. " |
||
419 | "Pendant l'installation, cette bibliothèque poursuit les paquets qui sont " |
||
420 | "installés en s'attachant à divers exécutables tels que <command>cp</" |
||
421 | "command>, <command>install</command>, <command>mv</command> et la poursuite " |
||
422 | "des appels système qui modifient le système de fichiers. Pour que cette " |
||
423 | "approche fonctionne, tous les exécutables doivent être liés de façon " |
||
424 | "dynamique sans le bit suid ou sgid (id super utilisateur ou super groupe). " |
||
425 | "Le préchargement de la bibliothèque peut provoquer des effets indésirables " |
||
426 | "pendant l'installation. Effectuez donc des tests pour vous assurer que le " |
||
427 | "gestionnaire de paquets ne casse rien et journalise tous les fichiers " |
||
428 | "adéquats." |
||
429 | |||
430 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
||
431 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:210 |
||
432 | msgid "Creating Package Archives" |
||
433 | msgstr "Créer des archives de paquets" |
||
434 | |||
435 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
||
436 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:212 |
||
437 | msgid "" |
||
438 | "In this scheme, the package installation is faked into a separate tree as " |
||
439 | "described in the Symlink style package management. After the installation, a " |
||
440 | "package archive is created using the installed files. This archive is then " |
||
441 | "used to install the package either on the local machine or can even be used " |
||
442 | "to install the package on other machines." |
||
443 | msgstr "" |
||
444 | "Dans ce schéma, l'installation d'un paquet est faussée dans un répertoire " |
||
445 | "séparé comme décrit plus haut. Après l'installation, une archive du paquet " |
||
446 | "est créée en utilisant les fichiers installés. L'archive est ensuite " |
||
447 | "utilisée pour installer le paquet soit sur la machine locale soit même sur " |
||
448 | "d'autres machines." |
||
449 | |||
450 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
||
451 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:218 |
||
452 | msgid "" |
||
453 | "This approach is used by most of the package managers found in the " |
||
454 | "commercial distributions. Examples of package managers that follow this " |
||
455 | "approach are RPM, pkg-utils, Debian's apt, and Gentoo's Portage system." |
||
456 | msgstr "" |
||
457 | "Cette approche est utilisée par la plupart des gestionnaires de paquets " |
||
458 | "trouvés dans les distributions commerciales. Les exemples de gestionnaires " |
||
459 | "qui suivent cette approche sont RPM, pkg-utils, apt de Debian et le système " |
||
460 | "Portage de Gentoo." |
||
461 | |||
462 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><title> |
||
463 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:225 |
||
464 | msgid "User Based Management" |
||
465 | msgstr "Gestion basée sur les utilisateurs" |
||
466 | |||
467 | #. type: Content of: <sect1><sect2><sect3><para> |
||
468 | #: blfs-en/introduction/important/pkgmgt.xml:227 |
||
469 | msgid "" |
||
470 | "This scheme, unique to LFS, was devised by Matthias Benkmann, and is " |
||
471 | "available from the <ulink url=\"&hints-root;\">Hints Project</ulink>. In " |
||
472 | "this scheme, each package is installed as a separate user into the standard " |
||
473 | "locations. Files belonging to a package are easily identified by checking " |
||
474 | "the user ID. The features and shortcomings of this approach are too complex " |
||
475 | "to describe in this section. For the details please see the hint at <ulink " |
||
476 | "url=\"&hints-root;/downloads/files/more_control_and_pkg_man.txt\"/>." |
||
477 | msgstr "" |
||
478 | "Ce schéma, unique à LFS, a été décrit par Matthias Benkmann et est " |
||
479 | "disponible sur le <ulink url=\"&hints-index;\">Projet des astuces</ulink>. " |
||
480 | "Dans ce schéma, chaque paquet est installé en tant qu'utilisateur séparé " |
||
481 | "dans les emplacements standards. Les fichiers appartenant à un paquet sont " |
||
482 | "facilement identifiés grâce à l'identifiant de l'utilisateur. Les " |
||
483 | "fonctionnalités et avantages de cette approche sont trop complexes pour les " |
||
484 | "décrire dans cette section. Pour plus de détails, voir l'astuce sur <ulink " |
||
485 | "url=\"&hints-root;<ulink url=\"&hints-root;/downloads/files/" |
||
486 | "more_control_and_pkg_man.txt\"/>/downloads/files/more_control_and_pkg_man.txt" |
||
487 | "\"/>." |